Purchase discounts are price reductions given to encourage customers to buy, while allowances are incentives to encourage early payment on credit purchases.
For example, a supplier offers a purchase discount of 2/10 net 30, meaning a buyer gets a 2% discount if they pay within 10 days instead of the standard 30 days. On a $50,000 invoice, this saves $1,000 — a significant incentive for buyers with available cash.